Psychological disorders Essay

1. Bipolar carkThis is a rowdiness associated with extreme mood swings. A persons moods alternate between two opposite ends, that is to say, from extreme sadness to euphoric happiness. Most people start developing this mien in their new teens plainly are well diagnosed in the age between 25 and 40 years.The ingest is not clearly known but it is notion to result from chemical (neurotransmitters) imbalance. Imbalance of norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine levels are believed to be the cause.Bipolar disorder has a genetic and environmental tie. It post sayonara down through family members. However, it has to be triggered by some stress.Symptoms acknowledge sorts revolving roughly mania and opinion. A sick person should be helped to find aesculapian care especi anyy when it threatens basic health. Blood tests or X-rays are apply to confirm the disorder.There is no cure for bipolar disorder. However, proper therapy can manage it and a sick person can go on functioning no rmally. intercession is geared towards medicine that stabilizes mood swings accompanied with counseling. medication is not very effective. Counseling is most successful especially with plump for from family members.Medication available for prescriptions in the grocery store accommodates lithium, valproic acid (depolcote) and Olanzine (zyprexa) among others. They work by balancing neurotransmitters in the brain. Some of their position effects implicate lithium increased urination, dizziness, nausea and diarrhea. Valproic acid Drowsiness, flunk, nausea and diarrhea. Olanzapine decreased alertness.2. Depressive disorderThis is a disorder characterized with a feeling of sadness. It can affect people of all ages but in the fall in States, it is five times more honey oil in the elderly than young people (Depression facts www.enmechizmhealth.com)The causes include a junto of genetic, biological and environmental factors. It is triggered by abnormalities in the levels of neu rotransmitters (serotin, norepinephrine and dopamine) in the brain. certain(p) types of depressive disorders are hereditary. Research has not cleared diagnosed the involved genes. Personality traits such(prenominal) as pessimism, difficult situations such as lose of loved ones, aesculapian conditions e.g. stroke and substance abuse are some of the biological and environmental factors.Symptoms include sadness, crying spells, loss of interest in usual activities, burden loss, inability to sleep, fatigue, estimations of suicide, headache, boredom and diminished ability to think or concentrate.Treatment includes psychotherapy and medication. However psychotherapy is the most effective. Medical treatment includes antidepressants and substantiative care-such as psychotherapy given by psychiatrists. Ant depressants medications in the market include Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI), Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors (MAOs). SSRIs affect levels of serotonin in the brain.Common SSRIs include fluoxetine, paroxetine and citalopram. TCAs are prescribed in severe cases of depression especially when SSRIs have failed to work. Examples of TCAs include Doxepin and mipramine. MAOs are not unremarkably used and examples include phenelzine and tranylcypromine. Some of the ramp effects associated with those medications include dizziness, nausea, weakness and drowsness.3. Generalized Anxiety disorderThis is a disorder characterized with modest feelings of nervousness to a strong feeling of dread or fear. Symptoms include muscle tension, muscle aches and shaky feelings. It does not affect the brain. The disorder makes the routine doing of things difficult. People with the disorder cannot be able to relax. They often get fatigued. It is super acid in children and adolescents.It is not genetic however research is being conducted to check out that. It is mainly induced by environmental factors. Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are treatments with the causality being the most effective. Medication used include Ativan, Lipoxide and lurux. Some of the side effects of those drugs are similar to those of bipolar disorder.Obsessive compulsive disorderThis disorder is characterized with obsessions or compulsions or both. Obsessions or compulsion cause distraint therefore one cannot concentrate on work or some(prenominal) is being done. Obsessions symptoms include recurring thoughts, impulses or images that intrude into awareness. Compulsion symptoms include the need for repetitive physical and mental behaviors. Example of obsessive behavior is silently repeating words while that of compulsive include behavior like checking the door to confirm whether it is really closed. It is triggered by substance use, medication and drug abuse.The exact cause is not clear though it is linked with shortage of serotonin in the brain.It has no cure. Treatment includes counseling, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. online medicat ion and include luvox, anafruvial and prozac. Prozac has a side effect of weakness and drowsiness.4. Substance Abuse disorderThe disorder is a result of everywhere indulgence and dependence on addictive substance such as alcohol or narcotics. It is not genetic at all. In the United States it is very common especially with the youth. People abuse substances to get a feeling of being high. Some do that to run aside from frustrations. Substance abuses affect normal functioning of the brain. It is thought that they also cause imbalance of neurotransmitters. Treatments include counseling and proper use of prescribed medicine.5. schizophrenic psychosisThis is a chronic and disabling mental disorder. Its symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganize thoughts and behaviors and disorganized speech.The cause is not clear however it is a combination of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors. Neurotransmitters imbalance trigger the condition. The neurotransmi tters involved include dopamine, serotin and glutamate. it is also thought to be a disorder of the development of the brain.It has no cure but symptoms treatable. Antipsychotic medications are effective. Examples of antipsychotic medication include risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole and quetiapine. Olanzapine has a side effect of causing decreased alertness.Psychotherapy is recommended and is the most effective.